980-985 Map 7 Samanid , Viking silver - routes : reconstructed from the scale of hoards of dirhams 66 Map 8 New mints ... 1290 – C. 1325 126 Map 14 Friesacher pfennigs in Hungary 135 Map Is General movement of Central European silver in ...
Author: Peter Spufford
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521375908
Category: Business & Economics
Page: 484
View: 251
This is a full-scale study that explores every aspect of money in Europe and the Middle Ages.So our increased use of silver , tending to enhance its purchasing power , would be countervailed without benefit to the United States by its diminished use in European nations , thus preventing its gain of purchasing power , whether ...
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: PRNC:32101067946549
Category: Banks and banking
Page:
View: 997
Two reasons are generally writers , as is well known , are directly advanced why this would not take place opposed as to the result which would ( 1 ) because the silver coins of Europe follow free coinage , Mr. Bland honestly are now in ...
Author: Edward White
Publisher:
ISBN: CORNELL:31924050182330
Category: Banking law
Page:
View: 281
A journal devoted to banking law and practice for bankers and bank attorneys. Includes articles, notes on court cases, and summaries of legislation.Based upon these coincidences , Grierson advanced the hypothesis that the European silver monometallism might have been due to the drainage of the gold to Eastern Europe , where it obtained higher prices .
Author: Mário Gomes Marques
Publisher:
ISBN: UOM:39015007052601
Category: Coins, Iberian
Page: 356
View: 621
The metallic basis of the valuations of Europe still , after years have passed , consisting to a very large extent of Silver , while , broadly speak . ing , in the inter - continental trade of the world , gold - using Australia and the ...
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: BSB:BSB11389855
Category:
Page: 918
View: 497
By very reason of its abundance it would not be long in falling , while , in Europe , its scarcity would induce a ... and which reject from circulation the silver coined in their own mints , would not receive European silver , but would ...
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: UCAL:$B101894
Category: Money
Page: 558
View: 591
The demonetization of silver did not take from the world's circulation the silver coinage . Silver has been coined since and at the same ratio . It is estimated that there are , in round numbers , $ 1,000,000,000 of European silver in ...
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: UIUC:30112004089279
Category: North American review and miscellaneous journal
Page:
View: 443
Vols. 227-230, no. 2 include: Stuff and nonsense, v. 5-6, no. 8, Jan. 1929-Aug. 1930.In fact, European silver exports were never, even from the beginning, sufficient to pay for their return cargoes. Profit deriving from the country trade within Asia was the alternative means for maritime Europeans to create an even ...
Author: Geoff Wade
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 9780429952135
Category: History
Page: 398
View: 166
Spanning over a millennium of history, this book seeks to describe and define the evolution of the China–Southeast Asia nexus and the interactions which have shaped their shared pasts. Examining the relationships which have proven integral to connecting Northeast and Southeast Asia with other parts of the world, the contributors of the volume provide a wide-ranging historical context to changing relations in the region today – perhaps one of the most intense re-orderings occurring anywhere in the world. From maritime trading relations and political interactions to overland Chinese expansion and commerce in Southeast Asia, this book reveals rarely explored connections across the China–Southeast Asia interface. In so doing, it transcends existing area studies boundaries to present an invaluable new perspective to the field. A major contribution to the study of Asian economic and cultural interactions, this book will appeal to students and scholars of Chinese history, as well as those engaged with Southeast Asia.92 By the middle of the twelfth century , export of European silver in the form of bars , ingots , and coins increased to quantities large enough to allow for the resumption of mintage at certain locations in the Middle East .
Author: S. M. H. Bozorgnia
Publisher: Praeger
ISBN: STANFORD:36105023150126
Category: Business & Economics
Page: 209
View: 938
Tracing European monetary history, this study explores the impact of species, in the form of money, on the economic evolution of Europe, showing how change in the availability and use of money was a key factor in Europe's economic development. During the Roman period, accumulation and circulation of large quantities of bullion allowed for economic prosperity. Over time, shortages of species rendered Roman coinage worthless and caused the breakdown of their economic and political systems. In the early Middle Ages, lack of liquidity limited commercial activities and enabled feudalism to flourish. In the 10th century, the discovery of rich silver mines increased the circulation of coinage, promoting trade and demographic urbanization. Continued circulation of accredited currency in the 12th and 13th centuries silver boosted economic prosperity. Shortages of bullion in the 14th century induced debasemnts and a severe scarcity of money, leading to the eventual breakdown of the feudal economic order. Continuous shortages in the 15th century forced the reintroduction of barter trade and limited commercial activities. Scarcity of precious metals induced the Portuguese to venture into Africa. African gold provided them with the incentive and capital for expeditions of discovery to the East, but the lack of sufficient bullion prevented them from monopolizing the eastern trade. In the 16th century the influx of species from the mines of central Europe and America ended the European bullion famine and gave rise to economic prosperity.